Some people might think Caledonia is just a wide place in the road, but this town in southeastern Minnesota is known for two things. First, it's the Wild Turkey Capital of Minnesota. Second - and most importantly - it was named "The Heart of Quilt Country" by the Minnesota State Legislature in 2008. Why? Because of the sprawling barn quilt trail criss-crossing through the town and surrounding area.
The Caledonia barn quilt trail started when a local family decided to spruce up an old barn. Others liked the idea and decided to join in.
For those of us weary of dirt roads, the Tourism Bureau has also created a tour of barns on paved roads. This would be especially useful during a winter tour.
The Tourism Bureau provides detailed driving instructions - including GPS coordinates - for each route. They also include the name of each barn quilt pattern. So if you want, you can pick your loop based on your favorite quilt.
And when you're done admiring barn quilts, you can hang out back in Caledonia. This tiny town has plenty of quaint shops and restaurants for you to spend your day in.
The Caledonia barn quilt trail is a great way to see the far-flung roads and towns of our great state - and to appreciate the agricultural and creative roots that run through all its people. Go here to find a brochure for the trail. And make sure you print directions for the paved and unpaved driving loops.
As a decades-long resident of the Land of 10,000 Lakes, I've visited many of our state's most fascinating places - most of the state parks, a lot of hidden gems, and dozens of small towns. But one place that's held my attention for a long time - at least 30 years or so - is Taconite Harbor on the North Shore of Lake Superior. There are a few things that draw me to it, the first of which, of course, is its location. It occupies a rugged chunk of shoreline along the Big Lake, where the Two Island River flows into it, and if you look in away from the massive, shuttered taconite facility, it's quite lovely. Another is my longtime fascination with Lake Superior's maritime tradition, which goes hand-in-hand, for better or worse, with Minnesota's long history of mining. The story of Taconite Harbor, Minnesota, lies at the intersection of all three of these interests, so even though there's not much there, I keep going back to have a look around.
You'll find the ghost town - more like ghost streets - of Taconite Harbor just off of Highway 61 and southwest of Schroeder. The hulk of the massive iron ore processing facility still dominates the shoreline, but the port that was once used by lakeboats to pick up loads of taconite pellets is now home to a safe harbor for small vessels and an interpretive site.
The interpretive site covers the history of the harbor, itself, as well as its namesake community and offers some artifacts from the operation - a massive wheel, a shovel, anchors, a capstan, and a massive chunk of taconite - that you can examine and climb around on.
Taconite Harbor was part of a closed-ended operation initiated by Erie Mining in the 1950s. In 1952, the company started developing the town of Hoyt Lakes on the Iron Range, near its mining operation, and a year later, Erie Mining began building an ore processing plant at Hoyt Lakes and building its facility at Taconite Harbor. Erie Mining's proprietary rail line connected the two facilities. In 1955, Hoyt Lakes incorporated, and in 1957, Taconite Harbor came online and sent out its first shipment of iron ore. That same year, construction was completed on 24 three and four-bedroom houses at Taconite Harbor. There were also a school, a city hall, and a fire station. In 1986, Erie Mining was absorbed by LTV Steel, and residents of Taconite Harbor were, essentially, evicted. The last house was removed from Taconite Harbor in 1990, and the last shipment of taconite left the facility in 2001 - the same year the port closed down for good.
Today, all that's left of the community of Taconite Harbor is crumbling streets and decaying light posts that are all returning to nature. For a long time, a basketball backboard remained at the site, lending it a hint of humanity, but I did not see it the last time I visited.
The best resource for learning more about Taconite Harbor is the Cross River Heritage Center in nearby Schroeder. This sweet little museum has an entire room dedicated to Taconite Harbor's history - plus it's right next to the beautiful Cross River Falls. If you'd like to stay and explore the area, camping is available at Temperance River State Park, just minutes from Schroeder, and for a less rustic stay, Superior Ridge Resort Motel is right in town.
We Visited a Historic Mill in Minnesota During Peak Fall Foliage and It Was the Highlight of Our Trip
Many of America's most scenic historic mills are located on the East Coast, but this 19th century flour mill in Minnesota looks like it's straight out of a postcard - complete with a waterfall.
There’s a special kind of magic to fall in Minnesota. The air gets crisp, the trees put on their finest multi-colored hues, and the days beg you to head outside (albeit with plenty of shiver-inducing breezes in the forecast). This October, my best friend and I did exactly that, road tripping to Minnesota's best fall hotspots, hiking through breathtaking oceans of autumn foliage, and getting lost in the spectacular, beauty of at least a dozen of the state's 10,000-plus lakes.
advertisement
As our ambitious journey came to an end, we made one last detour, making a beeline for Phelps Mill in Phelps (near Underwood) in search of one last photo op, a little history, and a much-needed escape from the tourist crowds.
As we wound our way down the Otter Tail Scenic Byway and along a few rural roads toward Phelps Mill, the countryside felt like it was showing off. Every curve revealed another kaleidoscope of oranges, reds, and yellows, as if the trees were in competition for the brightest display. Honestly, if you’re a sucker for fall photography (which we absolutely are!), you’ll spend the drive stopping every few miles to snap a picture. By the time we reached the mill, we were already scrolling through dozens of photos we’d taken along the way.
Like so many parts of the country, there aren't too many historic mills in Minnesota still standing. But along the Otter Tail River, Phelps Mill feels like a sweet, picture-perfect postcard brought to life. It’s one of those spots that transports you back in time without any fuss. No frills, no imposing overlook areas, no souvenir stands; just old-fashioned charm in the form of a towering four-story mill, surrounded by trees that seemed to be on fire with the season's finest attire.
Once upon a time, Minneapolis was considered the Flour Milling Capital of the World, but the industry wasn't just concentrated within the city. Built in 1889, Phelps Mill (a little over 2 hours away) was once a bustling hub for local farmers as well, grinding wheat into flour back when the mill was powered by the Otter Tail River. Today, the massive red building stands proudly as a relic of Minnesota’s history, preserved for curious travelers like us. And standing at the base of that mill, looking up at its four stories, you can’t help but feel a bit awestruck.
Today, the mill and the surrounding area have been turned into Phelps Mill County Park, a gorgeous spot where visitors can enjoy the beauty of the landscape, the historic building, and the serene river flowing by. It’s a photographer's dream in the fall, with the mill framed by the fiery foliage of the trees and the waterfall tumbling into the Otter Tail River below.
First things first, we wanted to capture those fall colors in all their glory before some looming storm clouds let loose with a downpour. The trees lining the riverbank were in full autumn regalia, reflecting off the water like a painting come to life. We spent an embarrassing amount of time trying to get the perfect shot, but when nature’s showing off like that, who can blame us?
Yet, the beauty outside is just one part of the experience. We absolutely had to see the inside of the mill, and were fortunate enough to be visiting before it closed for the season. We were drawn in immediately, cameras in hand, ready to explore every corner of this historic spot. Fortunately, unlike other historic places around the state, it’s self-guided, meaning you can take your sweet time without the pressure of a formal tour.
And, trust me, you’ll want to linger.
The interior is full of unique details and fun finds — old machinery, the smell of aged wood — that make it feel like the mill’s workers just stepped out for lunch and might be back any minute.
Walking inside, we were greeted by the creak of old wooden floors and the kind of weighty silence that old buildings so often have. The mill’s interior is surprisingly well-preserved, with massive grinding stones, wooden gears, and chutes that once directed grain into various parts of the building. We wandered through the different levels, each with its own collection of equipment and historical tidbits that made us feel like we’d stumbled into a slice of the past.
At every turn, there was something new to discover - whether it was a vintage photograph of the mill in its heyday or an old ledger documenting the grain that passed through. For history buffs (or anyone who just loves a good old-fashioned story), it’s fascinating.
Phelps Mill’s story is a classic slice of Minnesota history. Built by William E. Thomas, the mill was part of a movement to modernize flour production in the area. At the time, it was one of the most advanced flour mills around, using a water-powered turbine system that was cutting-edge in the late 19th century. The mill operated for several decades before eventually becoming obsolete as larger commercial operations took over. But it's a beautiful reminder of the past, both inside and out.
The park was pretty special too. It’s the kind of place where you can just sit by the river and let time slow down for a while. If you’re up for a picnic, there are plenty of spots around the park to spread out a blanket, let the kids run around, and enjoy the scenery. We didn’t come prepared with lunch, but we definitely made a mental note for next time. It’s the perfect setting, and I can't wait to pay another visit in winter.
After our fill of Phelps Mill, we headed to the nearby town of Fergus Falls for a bite to eat and to explore a bit more of the local sights. Like most small towns in this part of Minnesota, it’s quaint, welcoming, and full of those hidden gems you’d miss if you were just passing through. There’s a certain peacefulness to the whole area - a slower pace that’s hard to come by these days.
In the end, our trip to Phelps Mill was everything we’d hoped for and more, and with our timing lining up so perfectly with peak fall foliage, it was definitely the highlight of our trip. Fall in Minnesota is always something special, but there’s something about combining the season’s beauty with a slice of history that makes it even more memorable. If you’re looking for a beautiful autumn outing that offers more than just pretty leaves (but still plenty of 'em!), Phelps Mill is a must.
